C/M Battery R&D "Flatlines"
C/M BATTERY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Sydney Nicola Bennett's Search For.
The simple almost Solid-State Thermal - Kinetic hybrid Brine-Salt Battery
Contained Emergency Safety System
2018-2022 / 2023-2026
C/M R&D in Calgary, Alberta of S.B.G - CIG advanced upon Aviation - Automotive Parts & Custom-Fabrication with new Demo Models developed with & from Sydney Nicola Bennett's Portfolio with advanced from 1996-2001 & onward after prior early development
We successfully upscaled C/M in multiple ateas & prepped a Shield Network rebrand meeting 2026-2030 & onward goals. Completed August 2026 dragged onward & delays due to H.I.3 investigations
A VAST LOOK AT THE GLOBAL INDUSTRY STANDARDS
Energy Storage like Energy Generators
C/M Energy Storage like Energy Generators
Advancing Thermal Dynamics & Thermal Runway effects in contained Energy Shut-Off systems creating a fast discharge & recharge rate without degradation of materials we can repurpose
ENERGY TERMS. ENERGY FLOW & LOOPS
Understanding contained speed - force & loops with perpetual retention effects in generated Energy & Energy storage. Many are unaware of Energy loops & perpetual Energy loops with regards to flow & rate controls. Amperage & load controls. Like with a laser delete section contained with simulated magnetism we are able to speed up flow, speed & effective pulse rates increasing yields in compact spaces
Let’s quickly summarize kW and kWh.
What is a kW (kilowatt)?
A kW or kilowatt is a unit of measurement for the rate of power an electrical device or load uses. The higher the kW of a device, the more electrical power is needed to operate it. A kilowatt is 1000 watts (W).
1000 W = 1 kW
What is a kWh (kilowatt-hour)?
A kWh or kilowatt-hour measures the energy usage of an electrical device or load. The higher the rate of power (kW) of an electrical device and the longer it is used (hours), the more electricity it consumes (kWh).
To simplify. From industry standards
kW = Energy Generated. KWh = Energy Stored
Kilowatt (kW) measures power (the rate of energy flowing at one exact moment), while kilowatt-hour (kWh) measures energy (the total amount used, generated, or stored over time). While kWh does measure stored energy in a battery, kW applies to both generation and consumption rates.
Understanding kW (Power)
Speed: Think of kW like the speed of a car (how fast energy moves right now).
Size: It tells you the size or capacity of a solar array, generator, or appliance load.
Limit: In a battery, the kW rating tells you how many devices you can run at the same time.
Understanding kWh (Energy)
Distance: Think of kWh like the total distance a car travels on a trip.
Amount: It equals 1,000 watts of power used or produced continuously for one hour.
Capacity: In a battery, the kWh rating tells you how long your devices can run before the battery runs empty.
kW-s & kWh-s adds seconds & the spent variable in Energy management
Sydney Nicola Bennett was able to shrink Energy Generator sizing & EV Electric Motor sizing effectively on industry standards through flow rate loops creating a more perpetual Energy retention effect which utilizes variables previous not considered
"A jet engine contracts & expands airflow. Our integrated R&D efforts act similar. Incrediblespeed & more fliw rates in smaller spaces""
GLOBAL WATER MANAGEMENT
We have access to replenishing & settling endless brine - salt for fresh water which then evaporates & cycles back
This resource with low cost Energy
Plumb. Monkey. An Ocean source. Easy. Vast resource whereas we can utilize in a perpetual & re-usable loop meeting Net Zero with no toxin chemical reactive side effects
Perpetual Motion - Metered or not. Unlimited
https://2026featurecig.blogspot.com/2026/08/a-perpetual-electric-vehicle-ev.html
MODERN BATTERY CHALLENGES
Lithium is in underground brine because rainwater leaches it from surrounding volcanic rocks, carrying the dissolved metal into closed desert basins or geothermal aquifers where it concentrates over thousands of years.
How Brine Forms
Rock weathering: Rainwater and snowmelt react with lithium-bearing volcanic and igneous rocks.
Leaching: Water dissolves the trace lithium out of the rock minerals.
Runoff accumulation: Streams carry the mineral-rich water into closed, landlocked basins (salars) that have no outlets to the ocean.
Solar concentration: Intense heat and dry desert air evaporate the water over millennia, leaving behind concentrated salty groundwater rich in lithium.
Sources of Lithium Brine
Continental salt flats: Found mainly in dry regions like South America's Lithium Triangle (Chile, Argentina, Bolivia).
Geothermal brines: Deep underground hot water heated by volcanic activity.
Oilfield brines: Salty water trapped deep underground alongside oil and gas deposits.
Read more on the MIT Climate Portal or explore modern extraction insights from the CBC.
Making automotive batteries directly from underground saltwater or oilfield brine involves extracting dissolved lithium via direct extraction technologies, purifying the liquid concentrate, and using advanced electrochemistry to plate high-purity lithium metal straight onto an anode, bypassing traditional multi-step chemical conversions.
The Traditional Brine-to-Battery Supply Chain
Extraction: Pumping mineral-rich saltwater from underground aquifers, geothermal zones, or oilfield wastewater.
Concentration: Using solar evaporation ponds (months to years) or faster Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) systems (hours to days).
Refinement: Converting the raw liquid into intermediate compounds like lithium carbonate or lithium hydroxide.
Manufacturing: Shipping these dry chemicals to external facilities to build battery cells.
Direct Brine-to-Battery Innovations
Vertical Integration: Emerging techniques bypass intermediate chemical powders by electrodepositing pure lithium metal directly from liquid brine concentrate onto a copper current collector.
Material Reductions: Advanced next-generation designs eliminate the need for graphite, cobalt, nickel, and manganese in the anode structure.
Co-Location Benefits: Placing processing modules directly next to active brine fields drastically cuts transportation emissions and material costs.
A true sodium battery derived directly from brine utilizes extracted sodium ions or salt solutions (like sea salt or mineral brine) as the active charge carriers in its electrolyte or cathode material. Companies like Inlyte Energy and research groups use food-grade table salt and raw brine components to build non-flammable, sustainable stationary storage.
How Sodium Brine Batteries Work
Raw Material: Sodium is sourced straight from processed salt brines, eliminating reliance on lithium, cobalt, or nickel.
Electrolyte: Some experimental systems use a neutral-pH aqueous liquid modeled after tofu brine, while commercial sodium-ion cells use solid or non-aqueous liquid sodium salts.
Ion Transport: Sodium ions shuttle between the electrodes during charge and discharge cycles, mimicking traditional lithium-ion mechanics but with earth-abundant materials.
Key Benefits
Safety: Water-based or salt-based chemistries present virtually zero risk of thermal runaway or fire.
Cold Weather Performance: Unlike lithium-ion, sodium systems tolerate extreme sub-zero temperatures well (functioning down to –40°C).
Sustainability: Abundant global salt supplies mean lower geopolitical and material supply chain risks.
Limitations
Energy Density: Lower gravimetric and volumetric energy density compared to lithium, making them ideal for stationary grid or home storage rather than compact EVs.
https://www.wsj.com/business/energy-oil/china-free-batteries-made-from-salt-are-finally-here-cc1cd766
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40243-022-00208-1
https://youtu.be/MILQSxseUHs?si=zLxbz3wJRIEw3MFM
https://youtu.be/j-C7A8kmJuQ?si=cbH7ZCy6yadu8Ygy
Solid state sodium batteries combine non-flammable solid electrolytes with earth-abundant sodium, offering a cheaper, safer, and highly temperature-resilient alternative to lithium-ion. They eliminate liquid leak risks and perform exceptionally well in freezing weather, though commercial scaling faces hurdles with material conductivity and interface stability.
Key Advantages
Abundant Materials: Sodium is vastly cheaper and easier to source globally than lithium, reducing geopolitical and supply chain pressures.
Superior Safety: Solid electrolytes are scarcely flammable and eliminate the risk of thermal runaway or liquid leaks present in standard designs.
Cold Weather Performance: Sodium chemistry maintains high efficiency and power output in extreme sub-zero temperatures down to -20°C to -40°C.
Current Challenges
Interfacial Resistance: Solid-to-solid contact points often create high internal resistance, slowing ion movement and charging capability.
Dendrite Formation: Needle-like metal growths can pierce solid separators over time, risking short circuits if material compositions are not carefully engineered.
Manufacturing Scale: Mass production lines for advanced sulfide or oxide solid electrolytes are still in early pilot phases, with wider commercial automotive integration anticipated closer to 2030.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/07/260729043937.htm
Scientists left water inside a battery and nearly doubled its power
Date: August 1, 2026
Source: University of Surrey
Summary: A surprisingly simple change could make sodium-ion batteries far more powerful while opening the door to turning seawater into drinking water. Researchers at the University of Surrey found that sodium vanadium oxide performs much better when its naturally occurring water is left inside instead of being removed during manufacturing.
A simple water-filled battery material could make sodium-ion storage more powerful and even help turn seawater into fresh water. Credit: Shutterstock
Sodium ion batteries could offer a more sustainable way to store large amounts of energy, and new research suggests they may eventually serve another valuable purpose: helping remove salt from seawater.
Scientists at the University of Surrey have found that a sodium-based battery material performs much better when its natural water content is left in place. Battery researchers often remove this water because moisture is commonly viewed as harmful to battery materials. In this case, however, keeping it produced a dramatic improvement.
A More Abundant Alternative to Lithium
Lithium-ion batteries currently power most smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and many large energy storage systems. They can store substantial amounts of energy, but lithium and some of the other materials used in these batteries can be expensive to obtain and may carry significant environmental costs.
Sodium is far more common and broadly distributed. It is found in seawater, salt deposits, and many minerals, which makes it an attractive candidate for lower-cost energy storage. Sodium ion batteries operate in a broadly similar way to lithium ion batteries, with charged sodium particles moving between two electrodes as the battery charges and discharges.
The main obstacle has been performance. Many sodium ion battery materials cannot yet match lithium ion technology in how much charge they store, how quickly they charge, or how long they remain useful.
Leaving Water in the Material Boosted Performance
In a study published in theJournal of Materials Chemistry A, the researchers examined sodium vanadium oxide, a sodium-containing material that has been studied for years.
Their focus was a form called nanostructured sodium vanadate hydrate (NVOH). The word hydratedrate means that water molecules are built into the material's structure.
Nanostructured refers to features engineered at an extremely small scale, where changes in shape and arrangement can strongly affect how ions move through a battery.
Instead of heating the material to drive out the water, the team tested what would happen if the water remained.
The result was a major improvement. The hydrated material stored far more charge, charged much faster, and continued to perform reliably for more than 400 charge cycles. A charge cycle represents one complete use of a battery, from charging to discharging and back again.
In laboratory tests, the water-containing version held almost twice as much charge as typical sodium-ion materials. That level of performance placed it among the strongest cathode materials reported for this type of battery.
A cathode is one of a battery's two main electrodes. It plays a central role in storing and releasing charged particles, so improving the cathode can significantly increase the battery's overall capacity and performance.
Dr. Daniel Commandeur, Research Fellow at the University of Surrey School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and lead author of the paper, said:
"Our results were completely unexpected. Sodium vanadium oxide has been around for years, and people usually heat-treat it to remove the water because it's thought to cause problems. We decided to challenge that assumption, and the outcome was far better than we anticipated. The material showed much stronger performance and stability than expected and could even create exciting new possibilities for how these batteries are used in the future."
The Battery Material Also Worked in Salt Water
The researchers then placed the material in salt water, an especially demanding environment for battery components. Salt water can trigger unwanted chemical reactions and interfere with the movement of ions, making it difficult for many materials to function properly.
Despite those conditions, the sodium vanadate hydrate continued to work effectively.
The system also began removing dissolved salt. The sodium-based material pulled sodium from the water, while a graphite electrode removed chloride. Sodium and chloride are the two main charged components of common salt.
This process is known as electrochemical desalination. Instead of using only pressure or heat to separate salt from water, electrochemical desalination uses electrical reactions and specially selected electrodes to draw charged salt particles out of the solution.
Dr. Commandeur added:
"Being able to use sodium vanadate hydrate in salt water is a really exciting discovery, as it shows sodium-ion batteries could do more than just store energy -- they could also help remove salt from water. In the long term, that means we might be able to design systems that use seawater as a completely safe, free and abundant electrolyte, while also producing fresh water as part of the process."
An electrolyte is the substance that allows charged particles to travel between a battery's electrodes. Most commercial batteries use specially formulated liquid or solid electrolytes. If seawater could eventually serve that role safely and effectively, it could reduce material costs while adding a second function to the system.
One Technology Could Store Energy and Produce Fresh Water
The findings raise the possibility of future devices that combine energy storage with water treatment. Such systems could potentially store electricity from solar panels or wind turbines while also removing salt from seawater.
That could be especially useful in coastal regions where access to fresh water is limited but seawater and renewable energy are readily available. However, the research is still at an early stage, and more testing will be needed before the approach can be used in commercial batteries or large desalination systems.
The discovery could also strengthen the case for sodium ion batteries as an alternative to lithium-based technology. Because sodium is abundant and relatively inexpensive, sodium ion systems could become a safer and more sustainable option for storing renewable energy on the electrical grid or powering electric vehicles.
The Surrey team's method may also simplify battery production. Rather than adding another manufacturing step to remove water from the material, manufacturers could potentially leave it in place while gaining better performance.
By challenging a long-standing assumption about moisture, the researchers found a straightforward way to improve an existing battery material. Their results bring high-performance sodium-ion energy storage closer to practical use and hint at a future in which one device could both store clean energy and help turn seawater into fresh water.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/07/260729043937.htm
The Water Cycle associated with cycling Brine - Salt & vast larger scale desalination of the Ocean
A SIMPLE - BASIC BATTERY. ENERGY STORAGE
Within H.I.3 Sydney Nicola Bennett describes history or historical archives & modern industry trends then challenging separate advances including ones own portfolio of professional works in different fields addressing different challenges. Basic Energy storage as a starting basis for those learning
A simple battery uses two different metals and an acidic or salty liquid to create electricity. You can make a basic version at home using a lemon or potato, a piece of copper, and a zinc-coated nail.
How a Simple Battery Works
Two Metals: You use two different types of metal, like a copper penny and a zinc screw. These act as the positive and negative ends.
Electrolyte: An acidic juice or salt water helps move tiny charged particles between the metals.
Electron Flow: Chemical changes push power through a wire from one metal to the other.
Making a Homemade Lemon Battery
Roll a lemon on a table to break the inside juices.
Push a piece of copper wire or a copper penny into one side of the lemon.
Push a zinc-coated (galvanized) nail into the other side. Make sure the metals do not touch each other.
Connect small wires to the copper and the nail to test a tiny current or light a small digital clock.
With advnaces in Energy storage Sydney Nicola Bennett takes speed, force, generation & Energy Shut-Off off while imcreasing the "simulated magnetism effects" to shrink components & create equivlance & thus upscale a more advanced kinetic combination effect going far beyond the basic battery. NB-OT Neuro-Labs would be looking unlike K.T UN Neuro-Labs of Alpha Health a more simple - basic effect while Bennett has built upon & does not forsee going backwards in progress as anything of use as to simplify will not create equivlance or a more advanced & safer effect
100 kWh - 300 kWh KILOWATT HOUR BATTERIES
A 100 kWh (kilowatt-hour) energy scale is equivalent to about 3.6 gigajoules of thermal energy, roughly 3.1 gallons (11.2 liters) of gasoline-equivalent energy, or enough electricity to drive an average electric vehicle roughly 300 to 350 miles (480 to 560 km).
Everyday Energy Equivalents
Gasoline: ~11.2 liters (or 2.9 US gallons) of gas (using the standard conversion of ~8.9 kWh per liter of gasoline equivalent).
Heat: 360,000 BTU or 3.6 gigajoules (GJ) of thermal output.
Mechanical Work: Roughly 26.5 million foot-pounds of energy.
Real-World Applications
Electric Vehicles (EVs): Powers a standard large EV (like a Tesla Model S or Ford F-150 Lightning with a 100 kWh battery pack) for about 300 to 350 miles of highway and city driving combined.
Home Use: Powers an average Canadian home for roughly 3 to 4 days (assuming an average consumption of 25 to 30 kWh per day).
Human Labor: Equivalent to roughly 35 to 40 days of continuous heavy manual physical labor by a human worker.
A total of 300 kWh of electrical energy equals 1.08 gigajoules (1,023,642 BTU). This amount of energy scales to roughly 8.9 gallons of gasoline equivalent, powers an average electric car for 1,000 miles, or runs an efficient home for about 10 days.
Energy Equivalents
Joules (J): 1,080,000,000 J (1.08 GJ)
British Thermal Units (BTU): 1,023,642 BTU
Gasoline Gallon Equivalent (GGE): 8.9 gallons (at ~33.7 kWh per gallon)
Practical Scale & Context
Electric Vehicle (EV) Driving: Roughly 1,000 miles of range (assuming an efficient 300 Wh/mile).
Household Use: About 10 days of electricity for an average single-family home using 900 kWh monthly.
Carbon Offset Scale: You can use the Green Power Equivalency Calculator to review greenhouse gas reductions for specific localized usage.
HAVANA INTERNATIONAL 3+ MK ULTRA
One focus point. wBCI victims
Rod & Marie Libel-Savage - Stargrat-Bennett. Rose & Roger Savage-Ouellette. Tim & Mary Koslov-Sumner. Michael Persinger & K.T UN Neuro-Labs of Alpha Health
Ta ta today. Junior. Spi spit it out! Uh. Haha!
"We would had thoyght it was North Bay & NB-OT Neuro-Labs Cluster 1. The simpleton basic ah duh so, uh, umm (retard flailing? Yes?)"
NB-OT Neuro-Labs in Ontario unlike K.T UN Neuro-Labs of Alpha Health which separately see people using their consicous free will in communicating using a languages dictionary - thesaurus to communicate, react or respond as a form of a monkey see, monkey do copy cat effect whereas people mock & mimic coying others wearing a mask as they dun know what to do. As they see it as & to make them seem or sound stupid. Easily impressionable copy cats as NB-OT Neuro-Labs in Ontario see it = everybody
Where did they get that from. Uh ah haha must been from the television. K.T UN Neuro-Labs of Alpha Health & Sydney Nicola Bennett see K-12 & onward then free will in generalized & styled communication instead. Free will. Freedom to think & act upon if legal. Appropriate & right npt wrong. Conscience. Morals.
NB-OT Neuro-Labs in Ontario is like ECHE Early Children Hood Education. Ahes 0-6 = everyone & they have to be told. See. Yeah. Height if intellect (some how). Now based on this theese assumes at NB-OT Neuro-Labs in Ontario have people on rotation monotorong how people think, imagine & remember or performed tasks
Asaault - Battery - Harassment - Abuse + Rape if those monitoring disagree & a wireless whoopings is administered. A whoopings
Real. For real. They whoop the people
"Accoustic Energy Gains. Zero Cycle & Zero Emissions. Net Zero"
DEVIL SPEED TRAIN UPDATE 2026
A inner stainless steel roller coaster dual not single track or single track effect whereas within a zero emissions cooling jet is transported controlling the train cars atop which lightly levitate at speed voiding friction then friction reverse compression braking stages in place with magnetics creating a jet train for 300-800 km/hr for passengers & specific cargo or spec vehicles to transport
Within the tublar rails a jet which wirelessly connects to the train cars controlling speed
SYDNEY NICOLA BENNETT'S UN FRAMEWORK
Comments
Post a Comment